Kodi mitundu ya kusweka kwa mphete yonyamula katundu ndi iti?

 

Vuto lofala la mphete zonyamulira ndi kusweka, ndipo kusweka kwa mphete zonyamulira kumatha kufufuzidwa kuchokera mbali ziwiri, chimodzi ndi kusweka kwa chilema, ndipo china ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kusweka, komwe kungafufuzidwe makamaka kuchokera ku mavuto a zopangira ndi kukonza njira, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito kusweka kumachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kutopa ndi zifukwa zina.

 

Choyamba, tiyeni tiwone zomwe zimayambitsa kusweka kwa chilema cha mphete yonyamula:

1. Ngati zolakwika monga kuphatikiza zinthu zopangira, kusinthasintha, kugawanika kwa zinthu zofooka kapena kutsika kwa madzi a carbide, kusinthasintha kwa madzi, kulumikizidwa kwa ma bandeji, ndi kusagwirizana kosasangalatsa ndi kugawanika sikuchotsedwa kapena kukonzedwa bwino pantchito yokonza, zimayambitsa kupsinjika, kufooketsa mphamvu yoyambira ya ferrule, ndikukhala gwero la ming'alu.

 

Yankho: Njira yodzitetezera ndikutsatira njira yayikulu yopezera chitsulo, kuyesa kugula chitsulo chokhazikika komanso chodalirika, kulimbitsa kuyang'anira chitsulo chomwe chagulidwa, ndikuchiyang'ana kuchokera komwe chimachokera.

 

Chachiwiri, pali ming'alu pa ntchito yopera

 

Yankho: Limbikitsani kuyang'anira njira yopera, ndipo mphete yomalizidwa yoperekera zinthu siloledwa kukhala ndi mabala opera ndi mabala opera, makamaka pamwamba pa mphete yamkati kuti musinthe chopondera. Ngati ferrule yaphikidwa, iyenera kuyang'aniridwa mokwanira, ndipo chinthu choperacho chiyenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo kupsa kwakukulu sikungathe kukonzedwa kapena kukonza sikuli koyenera kuyenera kutayidwa, ndipo ferrule yokhala ndi mabala opera siloledwa kulowa mu ndondomeko yopangira.

 

3. Kuchiza kutentha kosayenera

 

Njira Yothandizira: Pofuna kuthetsa zolakwika monga mawanga ofewa a mitundu yapakati ndi yayikulu ya mphete zonyamula, kapangidwe ndi magwiridwe antchito a mafuta ophikira ayenera kudziwika, ndipo omwe sakukwaniritsa zofunikira ayenera kusinthidwa pasadakhale ndikusinthidwa ndi mafuta ophikira mwachangu kuti awonjezere mphamvu yophikira ya chophikira ndikukonza mikhalidwe yozizira. Njira yolimba yophikira. Kwa mitundu yomwe ili ndi ma fractures ambiri, kutenthetsa kwachiwiri kumachitika pambuyo pogaya ferrule movutikira, zomwe sizimangolimbitsa kapangidwe ndi kukula kwa ferrule, komanso kuchepetsa kupsinjika kwa kugaya ndikukweza magwiridwe antchito a grinding metamorphic layer.

 

Mphete zogwirira ntchito nthawi zambiri zimasweka akagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu, yomwe ndi: kusweka kwa kutopa, kusweka mopitirira muyeso ndi kusweka kwa kutentha.

 

1. Kutopa kusweka

 

Pansi pa katundu wosinthana ndi katundu wokhudza kugwedezeka, kupsinjika kwa mphete yonyamula katundu (makamaka mphete yakunja) kumapitirira malire a mphamvu ya kutopa kwa zinthuzo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutopa kusokonekere, ndipo ming'aluyo imakula mpaka pamlingo winawake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kusweka kukhale kovuta kwambiri kwa gawolo. Nthawi zambiri kumachitika m'dera lonyamula katundu la mphete yakunja, chifukwa mphete yakunja nthawi zambiri imayenderana ndi chibowo cha bokosi lonyamula katundu ngati malo olowera, ndipo bokosi lonyamula katundu ndi gawo losinthasintha komanso lozungulira, lomwe ndi losavuta kuyambitsa kutopa kusweka pansi pa katundu wosinthana ndi katundu wokhudza kugwedezeka.

 

2. Kusweka kwa katundu wambiri

 

Mofanana ndi kusweka kwa kutopa, pamene kupsinjika komwe kumagwira ntchito pa bearing kuli kwakukulu kuposa mphamvu yokoka ya chinthucho, kumayambitsa ming'alu mu mphete yamkati, nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha kuyika kosayenera, monga kupendekeka kwa bearing installation, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti bearing ikhale yovuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti bearing isweke chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa malo; Kuphatikiza apo, kugogoda kosayenera panthawi yoyika kumapangitsa kuti bearing isweke ndikugwa, zomwe zimatchulidwanso kuti overload cracking. Chofala kwambiri ndichakuti bearing ikayikidwa ndi kukula kwa kusokonezeka, kusokonezeka kwakukulu kumabweretsanso kusweka kwa mphete yonyamula (makamaka kusokonezeka kwa mphete yamkati ya bearing ya mizere inayi), ndipo kusokonezekako kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri kuti kupangitse kuti mphete yamkati ikhale yayikulu, makamaka mphete yamkati yokhala ndi makulidwe owonda a cross-sectional (makulidwe a cross-sectional <12mm), ndipo kusokonezeka kwambiri nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa kusweka kwa axial kwa mphete yamkati.

 

3. Kusweka kwa kutentha

 

Kusweka kwa kutentha kumachitika makamaka chifukwa cha kukangana kotsetsereka pakati pa ziwalo zomwe zikugwirizana ndi mbali yomaliza ya mphete yonyamula katundu, pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya axial, kukanganako kumapanga kutentha kwakukulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbali yomaliza ikhale ndi kutentha ndi kusintha kwa mtundu, kukangana ndi kutentha kwambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ming'alu ifike kumapeto kwa mphete yonyamula katundu, ming'aluyo imadziwika ndi kulunjika komwe kumagwira ntchito yokangana, ndipo ming'alu yomweyi ya nkhope yomaliza imakhudzanso kwambiri mphete yamkati yokhala ndi makulidwe owonda a cross-section (makulidwe a cross-sectional <12mm), makamaka mphero yonyamula katundu yothamanga kwambiri kapena yapakatikati.

 

Kuphunzira za vuto la kusweka kwa mphete sikuyenera kungoganizira zolakwika zomwe zimachitika mu njira yopangira zinthu ndi kupanga, komanso kuphunzira ndikuwunika kukula kwa kapangidwe ka ziwalo zonyamulira, njira zogwirira ntchito ndi kuyeza, ukadaulo wopangira, momwe ntchito yonyamulira ndi zina zimakhalira.

 

1. Kapangidwe ka mabearing ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito. Mapangidwe osiyanasiyana ndi oyenera mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana ya ntchito; Kapangidwe ka zigawo za mabearing ndi kosiyana, ndipo ukadaulo wake wokonza zinthu si wofanana, zomwe zimakhudzanso ubwino wake.

 

2. Kulimbitsa kafukufuku wa njira, kukonza ukadaulo wokonza zinthu, kukonza ubwino wa njira yokonza zinthu, ndikuchepetsa kuthekera kwa zolakwika pakukonza zinthu.

 

3. Kuwongolera njira zowunikira momwe zinthu zimagwiritsidwira ntchito komanso kulimbikitsa ubwino wa zinthu zomwe zagwiritsidwira ntchito.

 

Pamene kupsinjika komwe kumagwira ntchito pa mphete yonyamulira kuli kwakukulu kuposa mphamvu yokoka ya chinthucho kapena malire a mphamvu yotopa ya chinthucho, mpheteyo idzasweka, ndipo ming'aluyo pamapeto pake idzakula kufika pamlingo winawake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti gawo la gawolo ligawikane kwathunthu, komwe kumatchedwa kusweka kapena kusweka.