nkhani

Kusankha Kopepuka Komanso Kogwira Mtima: Kusanthula Kwathunthu kwa Zipangizo Zapulasitiki Zauinjiniya

 

Mu rolling yamakonochogwiriraKapangidwe kake, khola ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri, ndipo kusankha zinthu kumakhudza mwachindunji magwiridwe antchito a bere, moyo wake, ndi ntchito zake zoyenera. Poyerekeza ndi zipangizo zachitsulo zachikhalidwe, makhola apulasitiki auinjiniya akuyamba kutchuka pang'onopang'ono m'magawo osiyanasiyana amafakitale chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zapadera zakuthupi ndi zamankhwala.

 

Nkhaniyi ikuyang'ana kwambiri pa mapulasitiki akuluakulu aukadaulo monganayiloni (PA), polyoxymethylene (POM), ndi polyimide (PI), kusanthula mozama ubwino wawo wa magwiridwe antchito ndi malire oyenera mu ntchito za khola.

 

Kuyerekeza kwa Magwiridwe Azinthu Zapakati

 

Nayiloni (PA)

 

Chifukwa cha kulimba kwake kwabwino, kudzipaka mafuta okha, komanso ubwino wake wokwera mtengo, nayiloni imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'maberiyani omwe amagwira ntchito pansi pa katundu wapakati komanso kutentha kwapakati. Kuchepa kwake kwa kukangana kumathandiza kuchepetsa phokoso logwirira ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kwambiri pazida zapakhomo ndi zida zaofesi zomwe zimafuna bata lalikulu. Malinga ndi Rolling Bearing Application Handbook, PA66 ili ndi kutentha kosalekeza kogwira ntchito mpaka 120°C ndipo imatha kupirira kutentha kwakanthawi kochepa mpaka 150°C. Mtengo wake wa PV (kupanikizika × liwiro) ndi pafupifupi 50 MPa·m/s, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa liwiro lapakati.

 

Polyoxymethylene (POM)

 

POM imadziwika ndi kuuma kwake kwakukulu, kugwedezeka pang'ono, komanso kukhazikika bwino kwambiri. Pamwamba pake posalala komanso kukana kwa nayiloni kuvala bwino kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabokosi onyamula katundu omwe ali ndi liwiro lalikulu, katundu wopepuka, kapena zida zolondola. POM ili ndi kutentha kwa -40°C mpaka 100°C, ndi magwiridwe antchito afupiafupi mpaka 120°C. Mtengo wake wa PV ukhoza kufika 60 MPa·m/s, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho chabwino kwambiri cha magalimoto othamanga kwambiri komanso makina opukutira mawilo a magalimoto.

 

Polyimide (PI)

 

Monga choyimira mapulasitiki apamwamba kwambiri, PI imapereka kukana kutentha kwambiri (mpaka 260°C kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali) pomwe imasunga mphamvu zabwino zamakanika komanso kukana kuwala kwa dzuwa. Mtengo wake wa PV ukhoza kupitirira 100 MPa·m/s, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera malo owopsa monga ndege, ma mota otentha kwambiri, ndi makina onyamula zinthu m'zida zotsukira mpweya. Ngakhale kuti ndi yokwera mtengo, singathe kusinthidwa m'malo apadera ogwirira ntchito.

 

Ubwino Wonse wa Makhola a Pulasitiki a Uinjiniya

 

Wopepuka: Ndi kuchuluka kwa chitsulo chimodzi mwa zisanu ndi ziwiri zokha, pulasitiki imachepetsa kwambiri kulemera kwa bearing, imachepetsa kufooka, komanso imasintha momwe imagwirira ntchito.

 

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Phokoso Lochepa: Mapulasitiki ali ndi modulus yotsika yotanuka, yomwe imayamwa bwino kugwedezeka kuti igwire ntchito mopanda phokoso.

 

Makhalidwe Odzipaka Mafuta: Mapulasitiki ambiri opangidwa ndi uinjiniya amapaka mafuta mkati, zomwe zimachepetsa kudalira mafuta akunja ndikuwonjezera nthawi yosamalira.

 

Kukana Kudzimbidwa: Kukana madzi, mafuta, ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana, ndikoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ozizira kapena owononga.

 

Malangizo ndi Miyezo Yosankha

 

Malinga ndi muyezo wa JB/T 7048, kusankha makhola apulasitiki kumafuna kuganizira mozama za katundu, liwiro, kutentha, ndi zinthu zachilengedwe. POM ndi yabwino kwambiri pa ntchito zothamanga kwambiri komanso zopanda phokoso; PA ndi njira yabwino pa ntchito zocheperako; ndipo PI ndi yabwino pa kutentha kwambiri kapena zofunikira kwambiri zodalirika.

 

Makhola apulasitiki opangidwa ndi uinjiniya si ongolowa m'malo mwa chitsulo; m'malo mwake, amakonzedwa kuti agwire bwino ntchito zinazake. Kudzera mu kusankha zinthu zasayansi, kugwira ntchito bwino, bata, ndi moyo zitha kukonzedwa bwino pamene zikusunga kudalirika kwa mabearing. Ndi kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo wazinthu, malire ogwiritsira ntchito mapulasitiki ogwira ntchito kwambiri mu mabearing adzapitirira kukula.