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Njira yowongolera imasankhidwa malinga ndi mawonekedwe a khola lonyamula katundu

Khola lopondaponda limatsogozedwa ndi chinthu chozungulira

Khola lopondaponda ndi lopepuka, lapakati, lochepa panthawi ya kutopa, komanso losavuta kuyendetsa ndi kutsogolera. Kuphatikiza apo, khola lopondaponda lili ndi kukula kochepa, komwe kungapangitse kuti msewu wamafuta opaka mafuta ukhale wosalala; Mukapaka mafuta, zimakhala zosavuta kupaka mafuta mkati mwachogwirirandipo ili ndi malo osungira mafuta ambiri, zomwe zimathandiza kuonetsetsa ndikuwonjezera nthawi yosamalira kapena kukhalitsa kwa bearing. Komabe, keyala yopondaponda imakhala yofooka ndipo siimatha kuvala pansi pa mikhalidwe monga kuthamanga kwambiri, kuthamanga mofulumira komanso kuchepa kwa liwiro, komanso kusintha kwa njira. Keyala yopondaponda imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa kakang'ono ndi kakang'ono.maberiyandipo pansipa, chitsogozo cha zinthu zozungulira; Palinso mitundu ina ya mabearing yomwe imatsogozedwa ndi ma ferrules, monga khola la mtundu wa M la mabearing ozungulira a cylindrical ngati chitsogozo cha mphete yakunja.

 

Makhola apulasitiki olimba komanso opangidwa ndiukadaulo amatsogozedwa ndi ma ferrules kapena zinthu zozungulira

Makhola olimba nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazochitika zamphamvu kwambiri komanso ma bearing akuluakulu, zomwe zimalola liwiro logwira ntchito komanso kutentha kogwira ntchito poyerekeza ndi makhola osindikizidwa, ndipo zimatha kupirira katundu wolemera kapena katundu wovuta monga kugwedezeka, kugwedezeka, kusintha kwa njira, ndi katundu wosinthasintha, koma chifukwa cha kulemera kwakukulu, zimafunikanso mphamvu yokoka kwambiri kuti ziyendetse; Chifukwa chakuti zinthuzo ndi zolimba, zimatha kusunga malo mu khola, kuchepetsa malo pakati pa matumba, kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zinthu zozungulira, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu yonyamula katundu. Potengera khola lolimba la mkuwa lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri, lili ndi ubwino wa mphamvu yayikulu, "pair yocheperako yokangana" yokhala ndi ferrule yachitsulo chonyamula, chiopsezo chochepa cha "kumamatira", makhalidwe abwino ovalira, kuchepa kwa kukwawa, kukana dzimbiri, kusavuta kutsimikizira kulondola kwa kukonza, komanso kudalirika kwakukulu kogwiritsa ntchito.

 

Poyerekeza ndi ma cage opondaponda ndi olimba, ili ndi yopepuka (kamphindi kakang'ono ka inertia, kusinthasintha pang'ono kwa torque), mphamvu yabwino komanso kusinthasintha (zinthu zambiri zozungulira zimatha kudzazidwa, zitha kubwezeretsedwa momwe zinalili poyamba pambuyo pa kusintha kwa mphamvu), phokoso lochepa (ndi mphamvu yochepetsera kugwedezeka), yosinthika ku liwiro lalikulu la mzere wotsetsereka (malo osalala, kukana kuwonongeka ndi ma chips okwiyitsa sizingayambitse kuipitsa ndi kuwonongeka kwa mafuta opaka monga ma abrasives a khola lachitsulo). Ili ndi zabwino zazikulu monga magwiridwe antchito abwino a mafuta opaka malire (kukangana kochepa, kukwera kwa kutentha kochepa, kudzipaka mafuta) komanso chitetezo chambiri (ngakhale itakulungidwa kukhala flake itagawika, imatha kupitiliza kugwira ntchito kwa kanthawi kochepa popanda kuyambitsa masoka adzidzidzi).

 

Makhola apulasitiki aukadaulo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyendetsa zinthu ndi awa:

1) Khola la PA. Khola la PA66 ndi lotsika mtengo ndipo limagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, koma kukana kutentha ndi kukhazikika kwake ndi kochepa, kotero n'kovuta kusintha kuti ligwirizane ndi malangizo a ma ferrule okhala ndi kukangana kwakukulu. Monga "mtundu wosinthidwa" wa khola la PA66, khola la PA46 limagwira ntchito bwino pakukana kutentha, kukana mafuta, kukana kutopa, kukana kukwawa, kukana kutopa, ndi zina zotero, ndipo limagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino mumaberiyamonga mainjini a AC a magalimoto, ma gearbox, ma compressor a air conditioning, ndi zina zotero.

 

2) Khola la PTFE. PTFE imadziwika kuti "mfumu ya pulasitiki", yomwe ili ndi mphamvu yochepa kwambiri yolimbana ndi kupsinjika (zinthu zabwino kwambiri zopanda mafuta), mphamvu yolimbana ndi kutentha kwambiri (-196 ~ 260 °C), mphamvu yabwino kwambiri yolimbana ndi ukalamba, mphamvu yochepa kwambiri ya pamwamba popanda kugwirizira ku chinthu chilichonse, komanso yopanda dzimbiri kuchokera ku mankhwala aliwonse, kotero makhola a PTFE ndi oyenera kwambiri ma bearing osagonjetsedwa ndi dzimbiri, ma bearing osagwiritsa ntchito maginito, ma bearing a injini ya rocket, ndi zina zotero.

 

3) Khola la PPS. PPS ili ndi kuuma kwambiri komanso kulimba kwambiri, komwe sikofala mu pulasitiki yaukadaulo, makamaka kutentha kwambiri, ikadali ndi kukhazikika kwabwino kwa mankhwala (kwachiwiri pambuyo pa PTFE), ngakhale m'malo okhala ndi mafuta a compressor, mafuta a gear, ammonia refrigerant ndi malo ena, mphamvu yake, kuuma kwake, kulimba kwake, kukana kuvala ndi magwiridwe antchito ena onse akadali abwino kwambiri, kotero makhola a PPS amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino mu ma bearing monga ma compressor othamanga kwambiri.

 

Makhola apulasitiki aukadaulo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri potsogolera ferrule ndi awa:

 

1) Khola la phenolic, lokhala ndi zinthu zochepa, lokhala ndi ma porous immersion ndi mafuta, lokhala ndi friction coefficient yochepa komanso zinthu zina zabwino kwambiri, ndiloyenera kwambiri kutsogolera ferrule panthawi yogwira ntchito mwachangu, ndipo ndi khola "lokhazikika" la ma high-speed precision bearing omwe amaimiridwa ndi ma spindle bearing a makina.

 

2) Khola la PEEK, lokhala ndi mphamvu ndi kusinthasintha kwabwino, kukana kutentha kwambiri komanso kutsetsereka kwa kupsinjika, kukana kutopa kwambiri pansi pa kupsinjika kosinthana (kwabwino kwambiri mu pulasitiki yaukadaulo, kofanana ndi zinthu za alloy), komanso kukhazikika kwapamwamba kwambiri (kuchepa kwa jekeseni wopangira jakisoni ndi kochepa, kotero kulondola kwa kukonza ndikokwera kwambiri kuposa kwa pulasitiki wamba waukadaulo, ndipo kusintha kwa kutentha ndi chinyezi sikukhudza kwambiri kukula kwa chinthucho, kotero kumatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito molondola kwambiri). Mu mabearing a zida zamakina, mabearing othamanga kwambiri omwe adapangidwira mafuta ndi gasi (mtengo wa DMN mpaka 3.0 × 106 mm · r/min) okhala ndi kukwera kotsika kwa kutentha komanso kuthamanga kochepa kosabwerezabwereza (NRRO), makamaka ngati ali ndi mafuta ochepa.

 

3) Khola la PI, lomwe lili ndi ubwino wokana kuvala, kudzipaka mafuta okha komanso mphamvu zambiri, kapangidwe kake kokhala ndi mabowo kamagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu ma gyromotor a spacecraft omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali, ma navigator, ma momentum wheels ndi ma bearings ena pambuyo pochiza vacuum immersion.

 

MabeyaMakhalidwe ofanana a kukula ndi mulingo wololera zimakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito awo a liwiro pamene mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma cage ikugwiritsidwa ntchito: pogwiritsa ntchito ma bearing a mpira wolumikizana ngati kufananiza, liwiro lomaliza la ma bearing a solid cage ndi theka lokha la ma bearing a phenolic cage, pomwe liwiro lomaliza la ma bearing a cage stamped ndi pafupifupi 80% ya la ma bearing a solid cage.

 

Zungulirani ferrule molingana ndichogwirira

Pamene mphete yamkati ikuzungulira ndipo mphete yakunja ili yosasunthika, zitsogozo zamkati; Pamene mphete yakunja ikuzungulira ndipo mphete yamkati ili yosasunthika, zitsogozo zakunja za mphete; Pamene mphete zamkati ndi zakunja zonse zikuzungulira, zitsogozo za thupi lozungulira.

 

Izi zili choncho chifukwa chakuti mphete yamkati ikazungulira, mphete yamkati imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsogolera, ndipo kukangana pakati pa flange yamkati ndi khola kumapanga mphamvu yoyendetsera khola; Kukangana komwe kumachitika ndi chitsogozo cha mphete yakunja kumapanga kukana khola. Mzere wakunja ukazungulira, mphete yakunja iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mzere wamkati ndi wakunja ukazungulira, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito chinthu chozungulira kuti chitsogolere, ndipo chimodzimodzi ndi zoona.

 

Zofunikira zomwe zili pamwambapa zimangoganiziridwa kuchokera ku lingaliro losavuta la kukangana, ndipo kusankha kuyenera kuganiziridwa mokwanira pakugwiritsa ntchito kwenikweni. Mwachitsanzo, tengerani kuzungulira kwa mphete yamkati ndi mphete yakunja yosakhazikika: chitsogozo cha mphete yakunja chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa liwiro lalikulu, chifukwa mphete yakunja yosakhazikika ndi yokhazikika, ndi zabwino zina zabwino zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa; pomwe ndi yayikulu kapena yayikulu.maberiyaKawirikawiri amatsogozedwa ndi mphete zamkati kuti achepetse mphamvu yoyambira ndi mphamvu yozungulira ya khola.

 

Malinga ndi ferrule yokhala ndi flange

Pamene mphete yakunja ili ndi flange, malangizo a mphete yakunja (monga ma bearing a cylindrical roller a NU type); Pamene mphete yamkati ili ndi flange, malangizo a mphete yamkati (monga ma bearing a cylindrical roller a type N); Ma ferrule onsewa ali ndi ma flange, omwe amatsimikiziridwa malinga ndi zofunikira pakuyika, kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kukonza kwa bearing. Palinso ma bearing a cylindrical roller olondola kwambiri omwe adapangidwa ndi Schaeffler ku Germany monga momwe zasonyezedwera pa Chithunzi 5, omwe sagwiritsa ntchito ma ferrule flanges ngati malo otsogolera. Chifukwa kukula kwa msewu wa raceway, kulondola kwa mawonekedwe ndi kukhwima kwa pamwamba ndizovuta kuposa zofunikira za m'mphepete mwa ferrule, malangizo a khola nawonso ndi olondola komanso osalala. Malangizo a ferrule raceway amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa chiwerengero cha ma rollers, ndiko kuti, mphamvu yonyamula bearing, ndi malo a khola amathanso kufika pamwamba pa chinthu chozungulira (pamene mphete yakunja ikutsogozedwa) kapena pansi (pamene mphete yamkati ikutsogozedwa) kuti akwaniritse miyeso yake yamkati ndi yakunja.