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Njira yowongolera khola lonyamula katundu

Pakati pa ntchito zingapo zozungulirachogwiriraMakhola, ntchito yawo yowongolera (kutsogolera ndi kuyendetsa zinthu zozungulira pamsewu woyenera wa raceway) ndi yofunika kwambiri, makamaka pa ma bearing othamanga kwambiri, omwe ndi choletsa chachikulu.maberiya, pali kusiyana pakati pa khola ndi ferrule ndi chinthu chozungulira, chomwe chimatha "kusambira momasuka" m'njira zozungulira, zozungulira, zozungulira komanso zozungulira, kotero ndi gawo lomwe lili ndi zoletsa zochepa zoyenda komanso ufulu waukulu. Khalidwe la "kusambira kwaulere" ili silikhudza kwambiri bearing ikathamanga pa liwiro lotsika, koma liwiro la bearing likakwera, kusalala kwake ndi kukhazikika kwake kumasokonezeka kwambiri. Pansi pa kuyika kwa katundu monga kukangana, mphamvu yogundana, mphamvu ya centrifugal ndi mphamvu ya inertia ya khola, zidzatsogolera kukangana kwakukulu, kuwonongeka, kukwera kwa kutentha, kutentha, kusintha, kugwedezeka, phokoso komanso kulephera kwa bearing. Chifukwa chake, njira ina yowongolera ikufunika kuti khola ligwiritse ntchito kuti lichepetse kapena kuchepetsa zotsatira zoyipa izi kuti bearing ikagwire ntchito bwino.

Malangizo otchedwa khola amatanthauza kuti panthawi yogwira ntchito yachogwirira, khola limakwaniritsa kukonza kayendedwe ka chinthu chogudubuza kudzera mu cholumikizira ndi kugundana ndi m'mphepete mwa ferrule (kapena raceway) ndi chinthu chogudubuza. Ntchito yotsogolera ndi magwiridwe antchito ofanana a khola zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi njira yake yotsogolera. Makamaka pakupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ma bearing othamanga kwambiri, njira yotsogolera khola ndi yofunika kwambiri, yomwe iyenera kusamalidwa, ndipo ngakhale kafukufuku wapadera ndi kutsimikizira mayeso kuyenera kuchitika kuti akwaniritse zofunikira.

1 Njira yowongolera khola ndi mikhalidwe yogwirira ntchito Njira yowongolera khola nthawi zambiri imatchedwa "njira yowongolera yopanda pake ya khola", kutanthauza kuti, momwe khola limatsogozedwa ndikuyendetsedwa ndi ferrule kapena chinthu chozungulira - pamene chinthu chozungulira chikulowa m'dera lonyamula katundu, chifukwa cha mphamvu yoyendetsa ya kukangana pakati pa mipikisano iwiri ya mphete, liwiro losinthika la chinthu chozungulira limakhala lalikulu kuposa liwiro lozungulira la khola, ndipo chinthu chozungulira chimakankhira khola kuti liziyenda panthawiyi. Nthawi yomweyo, palinso "njira yowongolera yogwira ntchito ya khola", kutanthauza kuti, khola limatsogolera kuyenda kwa chinthu chozungulira - pamene chinthu chozungulira chikulowa m'dera losanyamula katundu la chogwirira, chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa malo otseguka, chinthu chozungulira sichinyamula katundu, ndipo liwiro lake losinthika limachepetsedwa, panthawiyi, chimasintha kukhala choyendetsedwa ndi khola ndikutsogolera kuyenda kwa chinthu chozungulira.

Njira zazikulu zoyendetsera khola ndi izi:

1) Chitsogozo cha zinthu zozungulira, chitsogozo cha mphete yakunja (flange kapena raceway), chitsogozo cha mphete yamkati (flange kapena raceway);

2) Njira zowongolera zosiyanasiyana monga "chitsogozo cha chinthu chozungulira + chitsogozo cha mphete yakunja", "chitsogozo cha chinthu chozungulira + chitsogozo cha mphete yamkati", "chitsogozo cha mphete yakunja + chitsogozo cha mphete yamkati", ndi zina zotero. Pakati pawo, chitsogozo cha mphete yamkati ndi yakunja chimatchedwa chitsogozo cha ferrule.

 

Chitsogozo cha thupi la Scroll

Chitsogozo cha zinthu zozungulira ndi njira yotsogola yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa khola - kupatula ma bearing a zinthu zozungulira zodzaza mokwanira, bola ngati pali khola, njira yotsogolera iyi ilipo, ndipo ndi yoyenera kuthamanga kwapakati ndi kotsika komanso mikhalidwe yogwirira ntchito yanthawi zonse. Chitsogozo cha zinthu zozungulira ndi chitsulo (mbale yachitsulo chofatsa, mbale yamkuwa, mbale yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, ndi zina zotero) khola lopondaponda (lotchedwa khola lopondaponda) ndi polyamide 66 ndi 46 (PA66 ndi PA46), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) ndi ma cage ena apulasitiki auinjiniya, ndi chitsulo (mkuwa, aluminiyamu, chitsulo chomangira chopangidwa ndi alloy, ndi zina zotero) khola lolimba (lotchedwa khola lolimba) la ma bearing akuluakulu.

Malangizo a Ferrule

Malangizo a Ferrule angapereke malangizo olondola kwambiri pa khola poyerekeza ndi malangizo a zinthu zozungulira, ndipo amathanso kuletsa kugwedezeka kwa khola, zomwe zimathandiza kuti bearing igwire ntchito mwakachetechete. Chifukwa chake, malangizo a Ferrule ndi oyenera kwambiri kuthamanga kwambiri, kuthamanga mwachangu komanso kuchepa kwa mphamvu, katundu wapakati ndi wolemera, komanso mikhalidwe yayikulu yogwedezeka. Malangizo a Ferrule amachokera makamaka ku makhola olimba ndi makhola a phenolic laminated (omwe amatchedwa makhola a phenolic), komanso makhola apulasitiki opanga monga polyether ether ketone (PEEK) ndi polyimide (PI), ndipo ena amagwiritsa ntchito makhola opondaponda.

2 Malangizo ambiri osankha njira zoyendetsera khola

(1) Malinga ndi liwiro la bere

Liwiro lotsika ndi lapakati limatsogozedwa ndi zinthu zozungulira

Kuwonjezera pa kukhala kosavuta, kogwira ntchito komanso kotsika mtengo, chifukwa chachikulu ndichakuti ngati muthamanga mofulumira, n'kovuta kukhazikitsa filimu ya mafuta opaka mafuta pakati pa khola ndi malo otsogolera ferrule, ndipo mafuta opaka malire kapena kukangana kouma kungayambitse kukwera kwakukulu kwa kutentha ndi kuwonongeka mwachangu.

Kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kutsika kwa liwiro kumayendetsedwa ndi ma ferrules

Zifukwa zazikulu zogwiritsira ntchito chitsogozo cha ferrule pa ma bearing othamanga kwambiri ndi izi: 1) "mafuta odzola + liwiro lalikulu" ndi osavuta kupanga mafuta abwino a hydrodynamic full film pamwamba pa chitsogozo cha khola;

2) Poyerekeza ndi chitsogozo cha chinthu chozungulira, mphamvu yokoka ya khola pa chinthu chozungulira ikhoza kuchepetsedwa. Pakati pawo,

Makhalidwe a chitsogozo cha mphete yakunja ndi awa: 1) Chifukwa cha kusafanana kwa zinthu kapena zolakwika, zolakwika pakupanga ndi kusonkhana, komanso kusafanana kwa geometric pakupanga, khola lidzatsogolera ku kusafanana kwa zinthu. Pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya centrifugal yothamanga kwambiri, pamwamba pa chitsogozo cha m'mimba mwake cha khola motsatira njira yosiyana ya chinthucho choyamba chidzalumikizidwa m'mphepete mwa mphete yakunja ndikuyambitsa kukangana ndi kuwonongeka, kuti khola lizitha kukhala ndi mphamvu yosinthasintha yokha. 2) Poyerekeza ndi chitsogozo cha mphete yamkati, mainchesi amkati ndi akunja a khola ndi akulu, ndipo pansi pa momwe zinthu zozungulira zilili ndi zinthu zofanana, chodutsa cha khola chimakhala chachikulu, kotero mphamvu imawonjezeka; Kapena pansi pa momwe zinthu zilili m'lifupi mwa khola, zinthu zambiri zozungulira zitha kuyikidwa kuti ziwongolere kuuma ndi mphamvu yonyamula katundu. 3) Kutentha kwa mphete yakunja nthawi zambiri kumakhala kotsika kuposa kwa mphete yamkati, ndipo kutentha komwe kumapangidwa ndi kukangana kwa pamwamba pa chitsogozo ndikosavuta kutaya, ndipo mkhalidwe wa mafuta ndi wabwino kwambiri. 4) Pamene mphete yamkati ikuzungulira, njira ya vortex ya pakati pa kulemera kwa khola lakunja la mphete yotsogolera imakhala yokhazikika kuposa ya chitsogozo chamkati cha mphete. 5) Chifukwa chakuti utali wa flange yakunja ya mphete ndi wocheperapo kuposa utali wa msewu wothamanga, mothandizidwa ndi mphamvu ya centrifugal, pakhoza kukhala chiopsezo cha mafuta osauka pamwamba pa chitsogozo cha khola (mabowo amafuta a radial angapangidwe m'mphepete mwa mphete yakunja kuti zitsimikizire kudalirika kwa mafuta pamwamba pa chitsogozo.

Makhalidwe a chitsogozo cha mphete yamkati ndi awa: 1) Poyerekeza ndi chitsogozo cha mphete yakunja, kusinthasintha kwa chitsogozo cha mphete yamkati kudzapangitsa kuti pamwamba pa chitsogozo cha m'mimba mwake cha khola pa mbali yotsutsana ndi mphamvu ya centrifugal, ndipo kusinthasintha kwake kwamphamvu kudzachepa kwambiri (mwa kukonza kulondola kwa makina a khola, kuchita kulinganiza kolondola komanso kolimba kwamphamvu, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zinthu zodzola bwino zimakhala bwino, zotsatira zoyipa za kutayika kwa offset komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusasunthika kwakukulu zidzachepetsedwa kwambiri). 2) Liwiro la mzere wotsetsereka wa pamwamba pa chitsogozo cha khola ndi flange ya mphete yamkati ndi lotsika kuposa la chitsogozo cha mphete yakunja, kotero kukangana ndi kusweka ndizochepa (zodziwika kwambiri pamagwiritsidwe ntchito othamanga pang'ono pomwe torque yocheperako imafunika). 3) Kukula ndi kulemera kwa khola ndi kocheperako kuposa kwa chitsogozo cha mphete yakunja, ndipo mphamvu ya centrifugal imachepetsedwa pamene zinthuzo zachepetsedwa ndikuzungulira (koma kuchuluka kwa zinthu zozungulira, kuuma kwa zonyamula ndi mphamvu yonyamula katundu kumachepetsedwanso moyenerera). 4) Pakakhala katundu wopepuka kapena wolunjika, mphamvu yokoka ya mafuta opaka pakati pa pamwamba pa chitsogozo cha m'mimba mwake wa khola ndi flange yamkati ya mphete imapanga mphamvu yokoka pa khola, zomwe zingachepetse chiopsezo chotsetsereka ndi kukanda kwa chinthu chozungulira. 5) Pamene msewu wolunjika wa mphete yamkati ukutsogoleredwa, nthawi yoyamba yogwirira ntchito ya bearing imakhala yochepa pansi pa mikhalidwe ya mafuta opaka; Pansi pa mikhalidwe yopaka mafuta, mafuta opaka mkati mwa bearing sadziunjikira.