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Zochitika Zachitukuko cha Zipangizo Zonyamula Zozungulira

 

In chogwirira chozunguliraKupanga, katundu wa zinthu zomwe zimapangidwira mwachindunji nthawi ya bearing, kudalirika, ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito. Pakadali pano, zida zoberekera zimapangidwabe ndi chitsulo choberekera cha chromium chokhala ndi mpweya wambiri, monga GCr15 ndi GCr15SiMn wamba. M'zaka zaposachedwa, ndi chitukuko cha zida zoyendetsera liwiro lokwera, katundu wolemera, kutentha kwambiri, ndi mikhalidwe yovuta yogwirira ntchito, zida zoberekera zikukonzedwanso nthawi zonse, makamaka kuwonetsa njira zotsatirazi zopangira:

 

1. Chitsulo Cholimba Kwambiri Chokhala ndi Zitsulo

 

Pofuna kukwaniritsa zosowa za zida zonyamulira zazikulu komanso zokhuthala, makampaniwa pang'onopang'ono apanga zitsulo zonyamulira zolimba kwambiri, monga GCr15SiMo ndi GCr18Mo. Zipangizozi zimatha kukhala ndi kapangidwe kolimba kofanana pamlingo waukulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu zonse komanso nthawi yotopetsa ya zidazo ikhale yolimba, ndipo ndizoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zonyamulira zazikulu komanso zolemera.

 

2. Chitsulo Cholimba Chokhala ndi Zopangira Pamwamba

 

Chitsulo cholimba cha pamwamba pa GCr4 chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazida zolemera monga magalimoto a sitima ndi ma rolling mills. Pogwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwapakati komanso kuzizira mwachangu, gawo lolimba lakuya linalake lingapangidwe pamwamba pa ziwalozo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chivundikirocho chikhale cholimba komanso cholimba kwambiri, motero chimathandizira kukana kutopa komanso kukana kugwedezeka.

 

3. Mitundu Yatsopano ya Chitsulo Chosapanga Chitsulo Chonyamula

Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri monga 9Cr18 ndi 9Cr18Mo (440C) zimakhala ndi kukana dzimbiri bwino, koma nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi ma carbide okhuthala, zomwe zimakhudza moyo wa kutopa komanso ubwino wa pamwamba. Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha martensitic cha 0.7C-13Cr chomwe chapangidwa m'zaka zaposachedwa, pochepetsa kuchuluka kwa kaboni ndi chromium ndikuchepetsa ma carbide a eutectic, chimawonjezeranso magwiridwe antchito a kutopa, kulimba, komanso kukana dzimbiri kwa ma bearing. Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'ma bearing olondola osachita dzimbiri, monga ma bearing a hard drive ndi ma bearing a zida zachipatala.

 

4. Chitsulo cha Aloyi Champhamvu Kwambiri

 

Zitsulo zonyamula katundu za GT, kudzera mu kapangidwe kabwino ka alloy, zimawonjezera mphamvu ndi kulimba kwa matrix ndikuwonjezera kukhazikika kwa kutentha. Zoyenera mapangidwe a zonyamula katundu zolemera kapena zopepuka, zimakhala ndi moyo wabwino wautumiki pansi pa mikhalidwe yoyera ya mafuta.

 

5. Chitsulo Cholimba Chosaipitsidwa ndi Kuipitsidwa

 

Mu ntchito zenizeni, fumbi kapena tinthu tomwe timawonongeka mu mafuta opaka mafuta tingapangitse kuti pakhale mabala pamwamba pa bere, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu azivutika maganizo komanso kutopa msanga. Pofuna kuthetsa vutoli, Japan yapanga zitsulo zoteteza ku kuipitsidwa (monga TF, HTF, STF, NTF, ndi zina zotero).

 

Mwa kukonza kuchuluka kwa kaboni ndi zinthu za alloy, zinthuzo zimapanga ma carbide abwino kwambiri ndikuwonjezera austenite yosungidwa, motero zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa kupsinjika m'mphepete mwa indentation. Zochitika zenizeni zikuwonetsa kuti ma bearing opangidwa ndi zitsulo za TF series amatha kukhala ndi moyo wautali nthawi 4-10 pansi pa zinthu zodetsedwa.

 

6. Chitsulo Chonyamula Zinthu Zotentha Kwambiri

Pamene ma bearing a GCr15 wamba agwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana kuyambira 100℃ mpaka 200℃, "malo oyera owala" ouma pang'ono amapangika mosavuta pa gawo la pansi pa zinthuzo, motero amachepetsa moyo wa bearing. Pofuna kuthetsa vutoli, zitsulo zotentha kwambiri monga NTJ2 ndi KUJ7 zapangidwa. Mwa kuwonjezera moyenera zomwe zili mu zinthu monga Cr, Si, ndi Mo, kupangidwa kwa madera oyera owala kumachepetsedwa, zomwe zimathandiza kuti ma bearing akhale ndi moyo wabwino komanso kukhazikika ngakhale pa 150℃.～180℃. Zipangizozi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu injini zamagalimoto, majenereta, ndi zida zogwirira ntchito yotentha.

 

7. Chitsulo Chonyamula Zinthu Zotentha Kwambiri

Mu zinthu zogwirira ntchito zotentha kwambiri komanso zothamanga kwambiri monga ndege, zipangizo zachikhalidwe sizikwanira. Zitsulo zoyambirira zonyamula zinthu zotentha kwambiri monga T1, T2, T10, ndi M50, ngakhale zili ndi kuuma kwambiri kwa kutentha, zimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zosakanikirana ndi alloy komanso mtengo wake ndi wokwera.

 

M'zaka zaposachedwa, ku Ulaya ndi ku United States apanga mibadwo yatsopano ya zitsulo zotentha kwambiri monga M50NiL, CBS1000, ndi RBD. Pakati pawo, M50NiL ndiyo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Pambuyo pa carburizing, ma carbide abwino amapangidwa pamwamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kupsinjika kotsalira. Kulimba kwake kwapakati kumatha kufika nthawi 2.5 kuposa M50, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu asamavutike kwambiri. Pakadali pano, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo apamwamba monga ma bearing a main shaft bearing aero-injini. Ponseponse, chitukuko cha zipangizo zozungulira zogwirira ntchito chikupita patsogolo mosalekeza ku mphamvu yapamwamba, kudalirika kwambiri, kukana kuipitsa mpweya, kukana dzimbiri, komanso kugwira ntchito bwino kwa kutentha. Ndi chitukuko cha ndege, zida zatsopano zamagetsi, ndi kupanga zinthu zapamwamba, kafukufuku ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zatsopano zogwirira ntchito zidzapitirira kuzama, kupereka chithandizo champhamvu chaukadaulo chowongolera magwiridwe antchito a bearing.