Makhalidwe, kusiyana ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka mitundu khumi ndi inayi ya ma bearing
Mabearing ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri pazida zamakanika. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuthandizira thupi lozungulira la makina kuti lichepetse kuchuluka kwa mabearing omwe amaperekedwa ndi makina panthawi yotumizira. Mabearing amagawidwa m'mabearing apakati ndi mabearing othamanga motsatira malangizo osiyanasiyana a bearing kapena ma angles olumikizana ndi dzina. Malinga ndi mtundu wa chinthu chozungulira, chimagawidwa m'magulu awiri: kubearing mpira, kubearing roller. Malinga ndi ngati chingagwirizane, chimagawidwa m'magulu awiri: kubearing kolinganiza, mabearing osalinganiza (mabearing olimba). Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mizati ya chinthu chozungulira, chimagawidwa m'magulu awiri: kubearing kolunjika mzere umodzi, kubearing kolunjika mzere kawiri, ndi kubearing kozungulira mzere wambiri. Malinga ndi ngati zigawozo zitha kulekanitsidwa, zimagawidwa m'magulu awiri: mabearing olekanitsidwa ndi mabearing osagawanitsidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, pali gulu malinga ndi mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa kapangidwe. Nkhaniyi imagawana makamaka makhalidwe, kusiyana ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito kofanana ka mabearing 14 ofanana.
1. Kukhudza mpira wolumikizana ndi ngodya
Pali ngodya yolumikizirana pakati pa ferrule ndi mpira, ngodya yolumikizirana yokhazikika ndi 15°, 30° ndi 40°, ngodya yolumikizirana ikakhala yayikulu, mphamvu yolumikizirana ikakhala yayikulu, ngodya yolumikizirana ikakhala yaying'ono, imakhala yabwino kwambiri kuzungulira mwachangu, bearing ya mzere umodzi imatha kupirira katundu wa radial ndi katundu wa axial wolunjika. Mwa kapangidwe kake, ma bearing awiri a mzere umodzi amalumikizana kumbuyo, omwe amagawana mphete yamkati ndi mphete yakunja, yomwe imatha kupirira katundu wa axial wozungulira komanso wa bidirectional.
Ntchito zazikulu:
Mzere umodzi: spindle ya chida cha makina, mota yothamanga kwambiri, turbine ya gasi, cholekanitsa cha centrifugal, gudumu laling'ono lakutsogolo la galimoto, shaft yosiyana ya pinion.
Mzere wawiri: pampu yamafuta, chophulitsira mizu, chopukutira mpweya, ma transmission osiyanasiyana, mapampu ojambulira mafuta, makina osindikizira.
2. Kugwira mpira wozungulira
Mipira yachitsulo yokhala ndi mizere iwiri, msewu wakunja wa mphete ndi wa mtundu wamkati wozungulira, kotero ukhoza kusintha zokha kusakhazikika kwa shaft komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kupotoka kapena kusakhazikika kwa shaft kapena nyumba, ndipo bearing yocheperako imatha kuyikidwa mosavuta pa shaft pogwiritsa ntchito zomangira, makamaka zokhala ndi katundu wozungulira.
Ntchito zazikulu: makina opangira matabwa, makina opangira nsalu, ma bearing ozungulira okhala ndi lamba woyimirira.
3. Ma bereji ozungulira ozungulira
Mtundu uwu wa bearing uli ndi ma rollers ozungulira pakati pa mphete yakunja ya msewu wozungulira ndi mphete yamkati ya msewu wozungulira wawiri, malinga ndi kapangidwe ka mkati kosiyana, kogawidwa m'mitundu inayi: R, RH, RHA ndi SR, chifukwa pakati pa msewu wozungulira wa mphete yakunja kumagwirizana ndi pakati pa bearing, ndi magwiridwe antchito ofanana, kotero imatha kusintha yokha shaft yolakwika chifukwa cha kupotoka kapena kutsika pakati kwa shaft kapena chipolopolo, ndipo imatha kupirira katundu wa radial ndi katundu wa axial wa bidirectional.
Ntchito zazikulu: makina opangira mapepala, zipangizo zochepetsera, ma axle a magalimoto a sitima, mipando ya gearbox ya rolling mill, ma rolling mill roller passers, ma crushers, ma vibrating screens, makina osindikizira, makina opangira matabwa, ma reducer osiyanasiyana a mafakitale, ma vertical spherical bearing.
4.Kanikizani chozungulira chozungulira chogwirira
Ma rollers ozungulira mu mtundu uwu wa bearing amapendekeka molunjika, chifukwa pamwamba pa msewu wa mpikisano ndi wozungulira, wokhala ndi magwiridwe antchito ofanana, kotero shaft ikhoza kuloledwa kukhala ndi malekezero angapo, mphamvu ya axial load ndi yayikulu kwambiri, ndipo imatha kunyamula katundu wozungulira wambiri pamene ikunyamula katundu wozungulira, ndipo nthawi zambiri imapakidwa mafuta ikagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ntchito zazikulu: majenereta amagetsi, ma mota oyima, ma propeller shaft a zombo, zochepetsera zomangira, ma tower cranes, ma coral mill, ma extruder, ndi makina opangira zinthu.
5. Ma bereji ozungulira opindika
Mtundu uwu wa bearing uli ndi ma round trap rollers, omwe amatsogozedwa ndi flange yayikulu ya mphete yamkati, ndipo kapangidwe kake kamapangitsa kuti ma vertices a pamwamba pa raceway yamkati, pamwamba pa raceway yakunja ya mphete ndi pamwamba pa conical ya roller rolling surface zilumikizane pamalo omwe ali pakati pa bearing. Ma bearing a mzere umodzi amatha kupirira ma radial loads ndi ma unidirectional axial loads, ndipo ma bearing a mzere wawiri amatha kunyamula ma radial loads ndi bidirectional axial loads, ndipo ndi oyenera kunyamula katundu wolemera ndi ma shock loads.
Ntchito zazikulu: magalimoto: mawilo akutsogolo, mawilo akumbuyo, ma transmission, ma differential pinion shafts. Ma spindles a zida zamakina, makina omangira, makina akuluakulu a zaulimi, zida zochepetsera zida zamagalimoto a sitima, makosi ozungulira ndi zida zochepetsera.
6. Kutengera mpira wozama kwambiri
Mwa kapangidwe kake, ferrule iliyonse ya groove ball bearing ili ndi msewu wopitilira wa groove wokhala ndi gawo lozungulira pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kuzungulira kwa bwalo la equatorial la mpirawo. Ma groove ball bearing akugwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kunyamula katundu wa radial, komanso amatha kunyamula katundu wina wa axial.
Pamene kuwala kwa radial kwa bearing kukuwonjezeka, kumakhala ngati ma bearing a mpira wolumikizana ndi angular ndipo kumatha kupirira katundu wa axial womwe umasinthasintha mbali zonse ziwiri. Poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya ma bearing ofanana, mtundu uwu wa bearing uli ndi coefficient yaying'ono yokangana, liwiro lapamwamba kwambiri komanso kulondola kwambiri, ndipo ndi mtundu wa bearing womwe ogwiritsa ntchito amakonda posankha chitsanzo.
Ntchito zazikulu: magalimoto, mathirakitala, zida zamakina, ma mota, mapampu amadzi, makina a zaulimi, makina osoka, ndi zina zotero.
Ili ndi mphete yozungulira ngati ya washer yokhala ndi msewu wothamanga komanso gulu la mpira ndi khola, ndipo mphete yozungulira yomwe ikugwirizana ndi shaft imatchedwa mphete ya shaft, ndipo mphete yozungulira yomwe ikugwirizana ndi nyumbayo imatchedwa mpando. Bearing yozungulira imafanana ndi shaft yachinsinsi ya bwalo lapakati, bearing yozungulira imodzi imatha kunyamula katundu wa axial wolunjika umodzi, ndipo bearing yozungulira iwiri imatha kunyamula katundu wa axial wolunjika umodzi (palibe amene angapirire katundu wa radial).
Ntchito zazikulu: mapini owongolera magalimoto, ma spindle a zida zamakina.
Ma bearing a Thrust roller amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula ma axial load-based shafts, meridional combined loads, koma warpstroke load sayenera kupitirira 55% ya axial load. Poyerekeza ndi ma bearing ena a thrust roller, mtundu uwu wa bearing uli ndi coefficient yotsika ya friction, liwiro lozungulira kwambiri, ndipo uli ndi mphamvu yolumikizana. Ma rollers a 29000 bearing ndi ma asymmetrical spherical rollers, omwe amatha kuchepetsa kutsetsereka kwa ndodo ndi raceway pantchito, ndipo ma rollers ndi aatali, m'mimba mwake ndi waukulu, chiwerengero cha ma rollers ndi chachikulu ndipo mphamvu yonyamula katundu ndi yayikulu, nthawi zambiri imapakidwa mafuta, ndipo nthawi zina zothamanga pang'ono zimatha kupakidwa mafuta.
Ntchito zazikulu: majenereta amagetsi, zingwe zolumikizira ma crane.
9. Mabeya ozungulira a cylindrical
Ma rollers a ma bereki ozungulira a cylindrical nthawi zambiri amatsogozedwa ndi ma flanges awiri a ferrule yonyamula katundu, kusunga? Choyimitsa chimango ndi ferrule yotsogolera zimapanga msonkhano womwe ungalekanitsidwe ndi ferrule ina yonyamula katundu ndipo ndi choyimitsa cholekanitsidwa.
Kukhazikitsa kwamtunduwu wa ma bearing ndikosavuta kusokoneza, makamaka pamene mphete zamkati ndi zakunja zikufunika kuti zisokoneze shaft ndi chipolopolo. Mtundu uwu wa bearing nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito ponyamula katundu wozungulira, ndipo ma bearing a mzere umodzi okha okhala ndi ma flanges pa mphete zamkati ndi zakunja ndi omwe amatha kunyamula katundu waung'ono wokhazikika wa axial kapena katundu wamkulu wa axial wosinthasintha.
Ntchito zazikulu: ma mota akuluakulu, ma spindles a zida zamakina, mabokosi a axle a axle, ma crankshafts a injini ya dizilo, magalimoto, ma transformers othandizira, ndi zina zotero.
10.Kugundana kwa mpira wa mfundo zinayi
Imatha kupirira katundu wa radial ndi katundu wa axial wa mbali ziwiri, ndipo chogwirira chimodzi chingalowe m'malo mwa chogwirira cha mpira wolumikizana cha kutsogolo kapena chogwirira chakumbuyo, chomwe chili choyenera kunyamula katundu wozungulira wa axial kapena katundu wopangidwa ndi gawo lalikulu la katundu wa axial, ndipo mtundu uwu wa chogwirira ukhoza kupanga ngodya imodzi yolumikizana ikanyamula katundu wa axial mbali iliyonse, kotero ferrule ndi mpira nthawi zonse zimalumikizana ndi mbali ziwiri za nsonga ya mipeni itatu pamzere uliwonse wolumikizira.
Ntchito zazikulu: injini za ndege, ma turbine a nthunzi.
11.Kanikizani chozungulira chozungulira
Ili ndi mphete yozungulira ngati chotsukira (mphete ya shaft, mphete ya mpando) yokhala ndi ma rollers ozungulira ndi zigawo za khola. Ma rollers ozungulira amakonzedwa ndi malo ozungulira, kotero kupanikizika pakati pa ma rollers ndi malo ozungulira amagawidwa mofanana, ndipo amatha kupirira katundu wozungulira wolunjika, wokhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu yozungulira komanso kulimba kwamphamvu kwa axial.
Ntchito zazikulu: makina obowola mafuta, makina opangira zitsulo ndi zitsulo.
12.Kanikizani singano yodzigudubuza
Maberiya olekanitsidwa amakhala ndi mphete za msewu wa raceway zokhala ndi ma sindle roller ndi ma cage assemblies, ndipo zimatha kuphatikizidwa ndi mphete zopyapyala za msewu wa raceway kapena mphete zokhuthala zodulidwa. Beriya yosalekanitsidwa ndi beriya imodzi yokhala ndi mphete za msewu wa raceway ndi ma sindle roller ndi zigawo za khola zomwe zasindikizidwa bwino, zomwe zimatha kunyamula katundu wolunjika, womwe umatenga malo ochepa ndipo umakhala woyenera kapangidwe kakang'ono ka makina.
Ntchito zazikulu: zipangizo zosinthira liwiro la magalimoto, alimi, zida zamakina, ndi zina zotero.
13. Chogwirira chozungulira chopindika
Mtundu uwu wa bearing uli ndi chozungulira cha trapezoidal (malekezero akuluakulu ndi ozungulira), chozunguliracho chimatsogozedwa molondola ndi mphete ya raceway (shaft, seat) flange, kapangidwe kake kamapangitsa kuti shaft ndi pamwamba pa raceway ya raceway ndi vertices ya pamwamba pa conical ya roller roller pamwamba zilumikizane pamalo apakati pa bearing, bearing ya njira imodzi imatha kunyamula katundu wa axial wa njira imodzi, ndipo bearing ya njira ziwiri imatha kunyamula katundu wa axial wa njira ziwiri.
Ntchito zazikulu:
Njira imodzi: mbedza ya crane, mphete yozungulira ya chida chamafuta.
Mbali ziwiri: khosi lozungulira mphero.
14.Chophimba cha mpira chozungulira chokhala ndi bwalo lakunja la mpando
Maberiyani a mpira ozungulira okhala ndi mipando amakhala ndi maberiyani ozungulira otsekedwa mbali zonse ziwiri ndi nyumba zoponyedwa (kapena zosindikizidwa ndi mbale). Kapangidwe ka mkati ka beriyani ya mpira wozungulira ndi kofanana ndi ka beriyani ya mpira wozungulira, koma mphete yamkati ya beriyani iyi ndi yayikulu kuposa mphete yakunja, ndipo mphete yakunja ili ndi malo akunja ozungulira ozungulira, omwe amatha kusinthidwa okha kuti agwirizane ndi malo ozungulira ozungulira a beriyani.
Ntchito zazikulu: migodi, zitsulo, ulimi, makampani opanga mankhwala, nsalu, kusindikiza ndi kuyika utoto, makina onyamulira katundu, ndi zina zotero.
Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-20-2026
