nkhani

Kapangidwe ka lingaliro la bere la injini ya Aero

Ma injini a ndege ndi mtima wa ndege, ndipo magwiridwe antchito awo, chitetezo chawo, ndi kudalirika kwawo zimatsimikizira mwachindunji magwiridwe antchito, moyo wawo, ndi kudalirika kwa ndege, ndipo magwiridwe antchito a ndege ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimakhudza moyo ndi kudalirika kwa injini za ndege.

 

Injini ya ndegemaberiyaali ndi mikhalidwe yovuta yogwirira ntchito, makamaka ma spindle bearing, omwe amafunika kukwaniritsa zofunikira za kutentha kwambiri, liwiro lalikulu, ntchito yokhazikika (yoyenera katundu wopepuka, katundu wolemera, kuthamanga mofulumira ndi kutsika kwa liwiro, katundu wogwedezeka, katundu wogwedezeka, ndi zina zotero), kudalirika kwakukulu komanso moyo wautali. Pakadali pano, kafukufuku wambiri wachitika pa ma aero engine bearing, mtundu waukulu wa bearing ndi kapangidwe ka main parameter, njira yothira mafuta ndi kapangidwe ka flanging, kapangidwe ka thumba, ngodya ya gasket, ukadaulo wochizira pamwamba, njira yogwiritsira ntchito ma bearing kuphatikiza, ndi zina zotero zimakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe ake, kapangidwe koyenera kangathe kupewa kulephera koyambirira kwamaberiya, kukweza magwiridwe antchito ake ndikuwonjezera nthawi yake yogwirira ntchito. Pepala ili likuwonetsa kusiyanasiyana kwa ma bearing a injini ya aero ndikusanthula zinthu zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa popanga ma bearing.

Makhalidwe a mabearing a injini ya aero

Zinthu zomwe zili mkati mwake:

Mabearing a injini ya Aero: malinga ndi gawo logwiritsidwa ntchito, akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu atatu: mabearing a spindle, mabearing a gearbox othandizira komanso mabearing a gearbox ochepetsa mphamvu.

1. Chogwirira cha spindle

Ma spindle bearing amathandizira ma engine fan rotors, ma gas generator rotors ndi ma power turbine rotors, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ma three-point angular contact ball bearing ndi ma cylindrical roller bearing, ma three-point angular contact ball bearing amanyamula axial load ndi radial load ya rotor, cylindrical roller bearing amanyamula radial loads okha, ndipo makhalidwe ogwirira ntchito a spindle bearing ndi liwiro lozungulira kwambiri (dn value mpaka 2.6 × 106 mm · r/min), kutentha kwambiri (180 ~ 250 °C, nthawi yochepa kuposa 300 °C), axial load yayikulu, nthawi yochepa yopepuka komanso overload mu radial direction, axial load change direction ndi compact installation space. Chifukwa chake, spindle bearings ali ndi high tolerance level, nthawi zambiri osati otsika kuposa P4 level, komanso ali ndi zofunikira kwambiri kuti ma cylindrical rollers azigwira ntchito molondola; Kuphatikiza apo, spindle bearings nthawi zambiri amathiridwa mafuta pansi pa mphete, zomwe zimafuna kapangidwe kapadera kogwirizana.

 

2 Chojambulira cha gearbox chowonjezera

 

Bokosi la gearbox yolumikizira limathandizira chozungulira cha gear cha makina olumikizira zowonjezera, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ogwirira ntchito ndi katundu wochepa, kutentha kochepa (120 ~ 150 °C), komanso liwiro lotsika lozungulira (mtengo wa dn suli wokwera kuposa 1.5×106 mm · r/min）。

 

3 Bokosi la gearbox lochepetsa

 

Kusonkhanitsa zida zothandizira kuchepetsa ma gearbox, makhalidwe ake ogwirira ntchito ndi katundu wambiri, liwiro lochepa komanso kutentha kochepa (120 ~ 150 °C).

 

Zofunikira zonse

Chifukwa cha malo ogwiritsira ntchito komanso momwe injini za aero zimagwirira ntchito, zofunikira zonse za ma bearing ndizokhwima kuposa za ma bearing wamba, ndipo zofunikira zake ndi izi:

 

1. Yosagwira kutentha kwambiri ikayimitsa galimoto

 

Injini ikayamba kugwira ntchito, mpweya wozizira umayambitsidwa kuti uziziritse masamba, mabearing ndi ziwalo zina, ndipo mabearing nawonso amaziziritsidwa ndi mafuta odzola. Komabe, pambuyo pozimitsa, njira zoziziritsirazi sizigwira ntchito, ndipo kutentha kwa turbine kudzatumizidwa ku bearing kudzera mu bearing housing ndi shaft, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutentha kwa bearing kukwere mofulumira pakapita nthawi yochepa, makamaka kutentha kwa bearing kwa injini yotentha kudzakwera modabwitsa, ndipo deta ina yowunikira injini ikuwonetsa kuti kutentha kwa bearing kudzafika pafupifupi 350 °C.

 

2. Kupaka mafuta oletsa kusokoneza mphamvu yoyendetsera ntchito

 

Mikhalidwe yopezera mafuta odzola pa mabearing a injini ya aero imagawidwa m'magulu awiri:

1) Injini isanayambe kugwira ntchito bwino kwa makina opaka mafuta, imakhala yozizira, ili ndi liwiro lochepa komanso katundu wochepa;

2) Injini ikagwira ntchito, ngati makina opaka mafuta sangathe kupitiriza kupereka mafuta pazifukwa zapadera, ndipo injiniyo ikufunika kupitiriza kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi ndithu, bearing idzakhala mu mkhalidwe woipa wa mafuta kapena ngakhale ntchito youma, ndipo singathe kudzozedwa bwino ndi kuzizira. Kuti zitsimikizire chitetezo cha ndege, mabearing ayenera kukhala ndi mphamvu yopitiliza kugwira ntchito bwino kwa nthawi inayake popanda kulephera popanda mafuta opaka mafuta.

 

3 Ntchito yabwino

 

Injini ya ndegemaberiyaayenera kukhala ndi njira yabwino yogwirira ntchito, luso lopangira zinthu, komanso mawonekedwe opepuka. Pofuna kuchepetsa zovuta zogwirira ntchito, injini za aero zimafuna magawo ochepa momwe zingathere, ndipo spindle nthawi zambiri imafunika kukhala ndi zothandizira zotanuka pamalo othandizira kuti isinthe liwiro lofunikira la rotor, ndipo zopopera zamafuta zimayikidwa kuti zichepetse kugwedezeka kwa rotor, zomwe zonse zimakhala ndi malo ozungulira. Pofuna kusunga malo ozungulira kuti ziwonjezere kuchuluka kwa zinthu zozungulira ndikukweza mphamvu yogwirira ntchito, mphete yakunja yogwirira ntchito nthawi zambiri imaphatikizidwa ndi chithandizo chotanuka cha khola la squirrel ndi chopopera chamafuta. Pofuna kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa magawo ndikuchepetsa zovuta zogwirira ntchito, chithandizo cha khola la squirrel, mounting flange ndi groove ya mphete yothira mafuta zimaphatikizidwa mu mphete yakunja ya chopondera, koma palinso mavuto monga kuwonjezeka kwa zovuta zopangidwira, kuchepa kwa mphamvu yomangira, komanso kusankha zinthu molimbika komanso njira zopangira.

 

4 Dongosolo lotsimikizira khalidwe lapamwamba

 

Kuwonjezera pa malingaliro apamwamba a kapangidwe ndi kulondola kwambiri kwa ntchito, ndikofunikiranso kudalira njira yotsimikizira khalidwe lapamwamba kuphatikizapo miyezo ya njira, zida zogwirira ntchito, kuyang'anira khalidwe, ogwiritsa ntchito, kutsimikizira mayeso, chitsimikizo cha khalidwe ndi zina.